As people increasingly migrate from rural areas to cities for better economic opportunities and improved living standards, modern municipalities are faced with challenges. By 2050, an estimated 68% of the global population will reside in urban environments, placing immense strain on existing infrastructure and resource allocation. Cities are embracing smart city initiatives to address these challenges, leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) as the cornerstone for data-driven decision making and optimized urban operations. According to IDC, the IoT market in the Middle East and Africa is set t…