The past decade has witnessed record-breaking temperatures across the globe since climate observations began. The year 2023 clinched the title of the warmest year on record, attributed to the El Niño phenomenon, according to the report from the United Nations World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The Global mean surface temperature in 2023 was approximately 1.45 degrees Celsius higher than the average for the period from 1850 to 1900. 2023 marked the warmest year in the 174 years of recorded observations, surpassing previous records set in 2016 by 1.29 degrees and 2020 by 1.27 degrees. The …