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China’s unique approach to acquiring access to Kazakhstan’s uranium is the focus of a Carnegie Endowment for International Peace policy brief that does not align with Western policymakers’ usual view of how Beijing engages with developing nations. In particular, the policy paper—titled To Secure Kazakhstan’s Uranium, Chinese Players Were Compelled to Accommodate Local Partners—underscores Kazakhstan’s own approach to the engagement, which meant China had to follow Kazakhstan’s rules. The research ultimately treats Kazakhstan as a case study among multiple other examples of China having to work…

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