Kazakhstan managed to stabilise its economy coming out of the COVID-19 crisis, but then faced a whirlwind of economic consequences stemming from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Many of those consequences have turned out positive, however. On the political side, Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev continued to consolidate his power in 2023, following the political unrest at the start of 2022, which sidelined his predecessor Nursultan Nazarbayev and his family in terms of remaining power and influence. The overall stabilisation has not prevented Kazakhstan’s population from growing poorer amid …